\u8bfb\u300a\u50b2\u6162\u4e0e\u504f\u89c1\u300b\uff0c\u73ed\u7eb3\u7279\u592a\u592a\u6700\u5927\u7684\u7126\u8651\u662f\u4e94\u4e2a\u5973\u513f\u7684\u5ac1\u5986\u592a\u8584\u3002\u5bb6\u4e2d\u5730\u4ea7\u7684\u7ee7\u627f\u4eba\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u7537\u6027\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7d20\u672a\u8c0b\u9762\u7684\u8fdc\u623f\u8868\u4eb2\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5973\u513f\u4eec\u5c06\u6765\u603b\u5171\u53ea\u80fd\u5206\u5230\u5927\u7ea6\u4e94\u5343\u82f1\u9551\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u4e61\u7ec5\u9636\u5c42\u4e2d\u76f8\u5f53\u5bd2\u9178\u3002\u67ef\u6797\u65af\u5148\u751f\u5411\u4f0a\u4e3d\u838e\u767d\u6c42\u5a5a\u65f6\u7279\u610f\u63d0\u9192\uff1a\u4ee5\u4f60\u5982\u6b64\u5fae\u8584\u7684\u5ac1\u5986\uff0c\u6050\u6015\u4e0d\u4f1a\u518d\u6709\u4eba\u6765\u63d0\u4eb2\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e2d\u56fd\u8bfb\u8005\u8fd9\u91cc\u5927\u6982\u4f1a\u611f\u5230\u56f0\u60d1\uff1a\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u5973\u65b9\u5728\u7740\u6025\u51d1\u94b1\uff1f\u7ed3\u5a5a\u7684\u94b1\u4e0d\u662f\u8be5\u7537\u65b9\u51fa\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u5176\u5b9e\u5f15\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff1a\u897f\u65b9\u8fd1\u4ee3\u5386\u53f2\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u201c\u5f69\u793c\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u7537\u65b9\u5bb6\u5ead\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fce\u5a36\u65b0\u5a18\uff0c\u652f\u4ed8\u7ed9\u5973\u65b9\u7236\u6bcd\u7684\u94b1\u3002\u6070\u6070\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u8d44\u91d1\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6d41\u5411\u662f\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\u7684\uff1a\u5973\u65b9\u7236\u6bcd\u628a\u4e00\u7b14\u8d22\u4ea7\u968f\u5973\u513f\u9001\u8fdb\u65b0\u5bb6\u5ead\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u5ac1\u5986\u201d\u3002\u5ac1\u5986\u662f\u5973\u513f\u51fa\u5ac1\u65f6\u4ece\u7236\u6bcd\u90a3\u91cc\u9884\u652f\u7684\u4e00\u4efd\u5bb6\u4ea7\uff0c\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u201c\u63d0\u524d\u7ee7\u627f\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f1a\u8fd9\u6837\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n
\u5176\u5b9e\u897f\u65b9\u5728\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u4ee5\u524d\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u6709\u5f69\u793c\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u65e9\u671f\uff0c\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u5a5a\u59fb\u548c\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u5927\u591a\u6570\u524d\u73b0\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u6ca1\u6709\u672c\u8d28\u533a\u522b\u3002\u65e5\u8033\u66fc\u90e8\u843d\u6709\u660e\u786e\u7684\u201c\u65b0\u5a18\u4ef7\u683c\u201d\u4f20\u7edf\uff0c\u76ce\u683c\u9c81\u6492\u514b\u900a\u6cd5\u5178\u4e2d\u4e5f\u8bb0\u8f7d\u4e86\u7537\u65b9\u5411\u5973\u65b9\u7236\u4eb2\u652f\u4ed8\u8058\u91d1\u7684\u60ef\u4f8b\u3002\u5a5a\u59fb\u662f\u5bb6\u65cf\u95f4\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u7ed3\u76df\u4e0e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4ea4\u6613\uff0c\u7236\u4eb2\u51b3\u5b9a\u5973\u513f\u5ac1\u8c01\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u7684\u610f\u613f\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e0d\u88ab\u8003\u8651\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u6b27\u6d32\uff0c\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u519c\u6751\u5728\u5e95\u5c42\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u9ad8\u5ea6\u76f8\u4f3c\uff1a\u5a5a\u59fb\u662f\u5b97\u65cf\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u5973\u4eba\u662f\u5b97\u65cf\u7684\u8d44\u4ea7\uff0c\u8d44\u4ea7\u8f6c\u79fb\u9700\u8981\u660e\u7801\u6807\u4ef7\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6539\u53d8\u8fd9\u4e00\u5207\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u662f\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u4f1a\u3002\u6559\u4f1a\u4ecb\u5165\u5a5a\u59fb\u5e76\u975e\u51fa\u4e8e\u5bf9\u5973\u6027\u6743\u5229\u7684\u540c\u60c5\uff0c\u800c\u6709\u975e\u5e38\u52a1\u5b9e\u7684\u52a8\u673a\uff1a\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u6559\u4f1a\u662f\u6b27\u6d32\u6700\u5927\u7684\u571f\u5730\u6301\u6709\u8005\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6\u571f\u5730\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6e20\u9053\u662f\u4fe1\u5f92\u9057\u8d60\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u4e16\u4fd7\u8d35\u65cf\u901a\u8fc7\u5b97\u65cf\u7f51\u7edc\u548c\u5185\u90e8\u8054\u59fb\u7262\u7262\u63a7\u5236\u571f\u5730\u7684\u4ee3\u9645\u4f20\u627f\uff0c\u7559\u7ed9\u6559\u4f1a\u7684\u5c31\u5f88\u5c11\u3002\u6559\u4f1a\u6709\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u9a71\u52a8\u53bb\u74e6\u89e3\u4e16\u4fd7\u5b97\u65cf\uff0c\u800c\u5a5a\u59fb\u6b63\u662f\u5b97\u65cf\u5f97\u4ee5\u5ef6\u7eed\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u673a\u5236\u3002\uff08\u300a\u897f\u65b9\u602a\u4eba\u300b\uff0c\u300aThe Development of the Family and Marriage in Europe\u300b\uff09<\/p>\n
\u4ece\u5341\u4e8c\u4e16\u7eaa\u5230\u5341\u516d\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u6559\u4f1a\u9881\u5e03\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u6559\u4f1a\u6cd5\uff0c\u63a8\u52a8\u5a5a\u59fb\u5236\u5ea6\u6539\u9769\uff1a\u786e\u7acb\u201c\u81ea\u7531\u5a5a\u59fb\u201d\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u5bb6\u5ead\u5f3a\u8feb\u7684\u5a5a\u59fb\u4e00\u5f8b\u65e0\u6548\uff1b\u7981\u6b62\u8fd1\u4eb2\u7ed3\u5a5a\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u5730\u65b9\u5b97\u65cf\u901a\u8fc7\u5185\u90e8\u8054\u59fb\u5784\u65ad\u6743\u529b\uff1b\u4e00\u5207\u5a5a\u59fb\u987b\u5728\u6559\u5802\u516c\u5f00\u4e3e\u884c\u5e76\u767b\u8bb0\u5728\u518c\uff0c\u4ece\u5bb6\u65cf\u7684\u79c1\u4e0b\u4ea4\u6613\u53d8\u6210\u53d7\u793e\u533a\u76d1\u7763\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5951\u7ea6\u3002\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u6539\u9769\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\uff1a\u7236\u6bcd\u65e0\u6cd5\u518d\u4e3b\u5bb0\u5b50\u5973\u7684\u5a5a\u914d\uff0c\u5a5a\u59fb\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b97\u65cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u4ea4\u6362\u3002\u800c\u5f53\u5a5a\u59fb\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u8d44\u6e90\u4ea4\u6362\uff0c\u5e26\u6709\u201c\u4e70\u65ad\u201d\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u5f69\u793c\u5c31\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u5236\u5ea6\u571f\u58e4\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5236\u5ea6\u53d8\u9769\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u4e00\u591c\u95f4\u8986\u76d6\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u7236\u6bcd\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u3001\u5bb6\u65cf\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u538b\u529b\u3001\u5730\u65b9\u4e60\u4fd7\u7684\u60ef\u6027\u5728\u6b64\u540e\u51e0\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u7f57\u5bc6\u6b27\u4e0e\u6731\u4e3d\u53f6\u867d\u7136\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u6559\u4f1a\u5408\u6cd5\u767b\u8bb0\uff0c\u4f46\u4e8c\u4eba\u80cc\u540e\u5bb6\u65cf\u7684\u4ec7\u6068\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u7eb8\u6559\u4ee4\u80fd\u5316\u89e3\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u4f1a\u7684\u5a5a\u59fb\u6539\u9769\u8fd8\u50ac\u751f\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u53d8\u91cf\uff1a\u5c0f\u5bb6\u5ead\u5316\u3002\u300a\u521b\u4e16\u8bb0\u300b\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u4eba\u8981\u79bb\u5f00\u7236\u6bcd\uff0c\u4e0e\u59bb\u5b50\u8054\u5408\uff0c\u4e8c\u4eba\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4f53\u3002\u201d\u6559\u4f1a\u5c06\u8fd9\u53e5\u7ecf\u6587\u843d\u5b9e\u4e3a\u5236\u5ea6\uff1a\u5728\u897f\u5317\u6b27\u7684\u4e3b\u6d41\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\uff0c\u65b0\u5a5a\u592b\u5987\u65e2\u4e0d\u4f4f\u7537\u65b9\u5bb6\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f4f\u5973\u65b9\u5bb6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u642c\u51fa\u53bb\u5efa\u7acb\u5b8c\u5168\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u65b0\u5bb6\u5ead\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u201c\u4ece\u592b\u5c45\u201d\u5f62\u6210\u9c9c\u660e\u5bf9\u6bd4\uff1a\u5728\u5b97\u6cd5\u5236\u5ea6\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5973\u6027\u51fa\u5ac1\u610f\u5473\u7740\u52a0\u5165\u4e08\u592b\u7684\u5927\u5bb6\u5ead\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u516c\u5a46\u7ba1\u8f96\u4e0b\u7684\u65b0\u589e\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u3002\u6253\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c97\u7cd9\u7684\u6bd4\u65b9\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5a5a\u59fb\u50cf\u4e00\u5bb6\u516c\u53f8\u4ece\u53e6\u4e00\u5bb6\u516c\u53f8\u6316\u8d70\u4e00\u540d\u5458\u5de5\uff0c\u6316\u4eba\u8981\u4ed8\u8f6c\u4f1a\u8d39\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u5f69\u793c\u3002\u800c\u5728\u5c0f\u5bb6\u5ead\u4e2d\uff0c\u65b0\u5a18\u662f\u548c\u4e08\u592b\u4e00\u8d77\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u516c\u53f8\u3002\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u7684\u5355\u5411\u8f6c\u79fb\uff0c\u7537\u65b9\u5bb6\u5ead\u4e5f\u5c31\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u6b64\u8865\u507f\u3002\uff08John Hajnal, European Marriage Patterns in Perspective, 1965\uff09<\/p>\n
\u4f46\u8fd9\u53c8\u5f15\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c16\u9510\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u65e2\u7136\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u4eba\u5408\u4f19\u7ec4\u5efa\u65b0\u5bb6\u5ead\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u53cd\u800c\u662f\u5973\u65b9\u51fa\u5927\u5934\uff1f\u7537\u65b9\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5f80\u5f80\u56e0\u4e3a\u5ac1\u5986\u4e0d\u591f\u800c\u62d2\u7edd\u7ed3\u5a5a\uff1f<\/p>\n
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\u8865\u5145\u8bf4\u660e<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u3001\u5173\u4e8e\u67ef\u6797\u65af\u539f\u8bdd\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1<\/p>\n
\u6b63\u6587\u4e2d\u67ef\u6797\u65af\u5bf9\u4f0a\u4e3d\u838e\u767d\u8bf4\u7684\u90a3\u53e5\u8bdd\uff0c\u539f\u6587\u4e3a\uff1a\u201cYour portion is unhappily so small that it will in all likelihood undo the effects of your loveliness and amiable qualifications.\u201d\u76f4\u8bd1\u4e3a\u201c\u4f60\u7684\u5ac1\u5986\u4e0d\u5e78\u8fc7\u4e8e\u5fae\u8584\uff0c\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u62b5\u6d88\u4f60\u7f8e\u8c8c\u4e0e\u54c1\u6027\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u201d\u8fd9\u91cc\u7a0d\u4f5c\u7b80\u5316\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u300a\u50b2\u6162\u4e0e\u504f\u89c1\u300b\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0cdowry\uff08\u5ac1\u5986\uff09\u662f\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u8bcd\u6c47\uff0c\u800c\u5965\u65af\u6c40\u66f4\u719f\u6089\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u8868\u8fbe\u662f fortune\uff08\u8d22\u4ea7\uff09\u3001portion\uff08\u5206\u5f97\u7684\u4efd\u989d\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca settlement\uff08\u5a5a\u524d\u8d22\u4ea7\u5b89\u6392\uff09\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u67ef\u6797\u65af\u5411\u4f0a\u4e3d\u838e\u767d\u6c42\u5a5a\u65f6\u6240\u8bf4\u7684 \u201cYour portion is unhappily so small\u2026\u201d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d portion \u7684\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5973\u513f\u53ef\u4ece\u7236\u6bcd\u5904\u83b7\u5f97\u3001\u5e76\u5e26\u5165\u5a5a\u59fb\u7684\u4e00\u7b14\u8d22\u4ea7\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u5ac1\u5986\u7684\u610f\u601d\u3002<\/p>\n
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